Modernization proceeds apace.
This commit is contained in:
parent
f6ba14f17b
commit
02828b2bae
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@ -4,3 +4,9 @@
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.#*
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.DS_Store
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*~
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node_modules/*
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bower_components/*
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npm-debug.log
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work/*
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htdocs/*.*
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htdocs/lib
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|
|
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64
Makefile
64
Makefile
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@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
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.SUFFIXES: .nw .js .pdf .html .tex .haml .css .stylus
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.PHONY: setup
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NOTANGLE= notangle
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NOWEAVE= noweave
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@ -7,28 +8,58 @@ STYLUS= stylus
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HAML= haml
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COFFEE= coffee
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all: index.html store.js jsonstore.css
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all: htdocs htdocs/index.html htdocs/store.js htdocs/jsonstore.css htdocs/lib/underscore.js htdocs/lib/jquery.js htdocs/lib/backbone.js htdocs/data/items.json
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index.html: index.haml
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$(HAML) --unix-newlines --no-escape-attrs --double-quote-attribute $*.haml > $*.html
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setup:
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npm install
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bower install jquery underscore backbone
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mkdir -p htdocs/lib
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index.haml: backbonestore.nw
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$(NOTANGLE) -c -R$@ $< > $*.haml
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htdocs/lib/underscore.js:
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mkdir -p htdocs/lib
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cp bower_components/underscore/underscore.js htdocs/lib
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jsonstore.css: jsonstore.styl
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$(STYLUS) $*.styl
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htdocs/lib/jquery.js:
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mkdir -p htdocs/lib
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cp bower_components/jquery/dist/jquery.js htdocs/lib
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jsonstore.styl: backbonestore.nw
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$(NOTANGLE) -c -R$@ $< > $@
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htdocs/lib/backbone.js:
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cp bower_components/backbone/backbone.js htdocs/lib
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store.js: store.coffee
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$(COFFEE) --compile $<
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work:
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mkdir -p work
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store.coffee: backbonestore.nw
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$(NOTANGLE) -c -R$@ $< > $@
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docs:
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mkdir -p docs
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htdocs:
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mkdir -p htdocs
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htdocs/index.html: htdocs work/index.haml
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$(HAML) --unix-newlines --no-escape-attrs --double-quote-attribute work/index.haml > htdocs/index.html
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work/index.haml: work src/backbonestore.nw
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$(NOTANGLE) -c -Rindex.haml src/backbonestore.nw > work/index.haml
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htdocs/jsonstore.css: htdocs work/jsonstore.styl
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$(STYLUS) -o htdocs work/jsonstore.styl
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work/jsonstore.styl: work src/backbonestore.nw
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$(NOTANGLE) -c -Rjsonstore.styl src/backbonestore.nw > work/jsonstore.styl
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htdocs/store.js: htdocs work/store.coffee
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$(COFFEE) -o htdocs --compile work/store.coffee
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work/store.coffee: work src/backbonestore.nw src/items.json
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$(NOTANGLE) -c -Rstore.coffee src/backbonestore.nw > work/store.coffee
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htdocs/data/items.json: src/items.json
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mkdir -p htdocs/data
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cp src/items.json htdocs/data/items.json
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.nw.tex:
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$(NOWEAVE) -x -delay $*.nw > $*.tex #$
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$(NOWEAVE) -x -delay $*.nw > $*.tex
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.tex.pdf:
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xelatex $*.tex; \
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@ -38,8 +69,9 @@ store.coffee: backbonestore.nw
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done
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clean:
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- rm -f *.tex *.dvi *.aux *.toc *.log *.out *.html *.js
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- rm -f docs/*.tex docs/*.dvi docs/*.aux docs/*.toc docs/*.log docs/*.out htdocs/*.html htdocs/*.js htdocs/*.css
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realclean: clean
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- rm -f *.pdf
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- rm -f docs/*.pdf
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- rm -fr work htdocs
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1154
backbone.js
1154
backbone.js
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@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
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#!/usr/bin/env coffee
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fs = require 'fs'
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Inotify = require('inotify').Inotify
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spawn = require('child_process').spawn
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spew = (data) -> console.log data.toString 'utf8'
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server = spawn './node_modules/http-server/bin/http-server', ['./htdocs/']
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server.stdout.on 'data', spew
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monitor = new Inotify()
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reBuild = ->
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maker = spawn 'make', ['store']
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make.stdout.on 'data', spew
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monitor.addWatch
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path: "./src/backbonestore.nw"
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watch_for: Inotify.IN_CLOSE_WRITE
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callback: reBuild
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|
@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
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|||
[
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||||
{
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||||
"id": "unless-you-have-been-drinking",
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||||
"title": "Unless You Have Been Drinking",
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||||
"artist": "Adventures in Odyssey",
|
||||
"image": "images/AdventuresInOdyssey_t.jpg",
|
||||
"large_image": "images/AdventuresInOdyssey.jpg",
|
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"price": 9.98,
|
||||
"url": "http://www.amazon.com/Door-Religious-Knives/dp/B001FGW0UQ/?tag=quirkey-20"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"id": "leave-to-do-my-utmost",
|
||||
"title": "Leave To Do My Utmost",
|
||||
"artist": "American Attorneys",
|
||||
"image": "images/AmericanAttorneys_t.jpg",
|
||||
"large_image": "images/AmericanAttorneys.jpg",
|
||||
"price": 13.98,
|
||||
"url": "http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B002GNOMJE?ie=UTF8&tag=quirkeycom-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=390957&creativeASIN=B002GNOMJE"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"id": "the-dead-sleep-encircled-by-the-living",
|
||||
"title": "The Dead Sleep Encircled by The Living",
|
||||
"artist": "British Civil Light Transport",
|
||||
"image": "images/BritishCivilLightTransport_t.jpg",
|
||||
"large_image": "images/BritishCivilLightTransport.jpg",
|
||||
"price": 13.98,
|
||||
"url": "http://www.amazon.com/Bitte-Orca-Dirty-Projectors/dp/B0026T4RTI/ref=pd_sim_m_12?tag=quirkey-20"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"id": "periods-of-mental-assimilation",
|
||||
"title": "Periods of Mental Assimilation",
|
||||
"artist": "Grigory Szondy",
|
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"image": "images/PeriodsofMentalAssimilation_t.jpg",
|
||||
"large_image": "images/PeriodsofMentalAssimilation.jpg",
|
||||
"price": 13.99,
|
||||
"url": "http://www.amazon.com/Pains-Being-Pure-Heart/dp/B001LGXIDS/ref=pd_sim_m_44?tag=quirkey-20"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"id": "keenly-developed-moral-bankruptcy",
|
||||
"title": "Keenly Developed Moral Bankruptcy",
|
||||
"artist": "Stealth Monkey Virus",
|
||||
"image": "images/StealthMonkeyVirus_t.jpg",
|
||||
"large_image": "images/StealthMonkeyVirus.png",
|
||||
"price": 13.99,
|
||||
"url": "http://www.amazon.com/Pains-Being-Pure-Heart/dp/B001LGXIDS/ref=pd_sim_m_44?tag=quirkey-20"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"id": "my-mistresss-sparrow-is-dead",
|
||||
"title": "My Mistress's Sparrow is Dead",
|
||||
"artist": "Sums of Mongolia",
|
||||
"image": "images/SumsofMagnolia_t.jpg",
|
||||
"large_image": "images/SumsofMagnolia.jpg",
|
||||
"price": 13.99,
|
||||
"url": "http://www.amazon.com/Pains-Being-Pure-Heart/dp/B001LGXIDS/ref=pd_sim_m_44?tag=quirkey-20"
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}
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]
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71
index.html
71
index.html
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@ -1,71 +0,0 @@
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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
|
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<head>
|
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<title>The Backbone Store</title>
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<link charset="utf-8" href="jsonstore.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
|
||||
<script id="store_index_template" type="text/x-underscore-tmplate">
|
||||
<h1>Product Catalog</h1>
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<% for(i=0,l=products.length;i<l;++i) { p = products[i]; %>
|
||||
<li class="item">
|
||||
<div class="item-image">
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||||
<a href="#item/<%= p.id %>">
|
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<img alt="<%= p.title %>" src="<%= p.image %>" />
|
||||
</a>
|
||||
</div>
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||||
<div class="item-artist"><%= p.artist %></div>
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<div class="item-title"><%= p.title %></div>
|
||||
<div class="item-price">$<%= p.price %></div>
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||||
</li>
|
||||
<% } %>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
</script>
|
||||
<script id="store_item_template" type="text/x-underscore-template">
|
||||
<div class="item-detail">
|
||||
<div class="item-image">
|
||||
<img alt="<%= title %>" src="<%= large_image %>" />
|
||||
</div>
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||||
<div class="item-info">
|
||||
<div class="item-artist"><%= artist %></div>
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<div class="item-title"><%= title %></div>
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||||
<div class="item-price">$<%= price %></div>
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||||
<div class="item-form"></div>
|
||||
<form action="#/cart" method="post">
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||||
<p>
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||||
<label>Quantity:</label>
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||||
<input class="uqf" name="quantity" size="2" type="text" value="1" />
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<input class="uq" type="submit" value="Add to Cart" />
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</form>
|
||||
<div class="item-link">
|
||||
<a href="<%= url %>">Buy this item on Amazon</a>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="back-link">
|
||||
<a href="#">« Back to Items</a>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
</script>
|
||||
<script id="store_cart_template" type="text/x-underscore-template">
|
||||
<p>Items: <%= count %> ($<%= cost %>)</p>
|
||||
</script>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<div id="container">
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||||
<div id="header">
|
||||
<h1>
|
||||
The Backbone Store
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||||
</h1>
|
||||
<div class="cart-info"></div>
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||||
</div>
|
||||
<div id="main"></div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<script src="jquery-1.6.2.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
|
||||
<script src="underscore.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
|
||||
<script src="backbone.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
|
||||
<script src="store.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
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</body>
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</html>
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body {
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||||
font-family: "Lucida Grande", Lucida, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
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||||
background: #fff;
|
||||
color: #333;
|
||||
margin: 0px;
|
||||
padding: 0px;
|
||||
}
|
||||
#header {
|
||||
background: #999;
|
||||
background: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, from(#b8b8b8), to(#7a7a7a));
|
||||
background: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #b8b8b8, #7a7a7a);
|
||||
margin: 0px;
|
||||
padding: 20px;
|
||||
border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;
|
||||
}
|
||||
#header h1 {
|
||||
font-family: Inconsolata, Monaco, Courier, mono;
|
||||
color: #fff;
|
||||
margin: 0px;
|
||||
}
|
||||
#header .cart-info {
|
||||
position: absolute;
|
||||
top: 0px;
|
||||
right: 0px;
|
||||
text-align: right;
|
||||
padding: 10px;
|
||||
background: #555;
|
||||
background: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, from(#666), to(#444));
|
||||
background: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #666, #444);
|
||||
color: #fff;
|
||||
font-size: 12px;
|
||||
font-weight: bold;
|
||||
}
|
||||
img {
|
||||
border: 0;
|
||||
}
|
||||
#productlistview ul {
|
||||
list-style: none;
|
||||
}
|
||||
.item {
|
||||
float: left;
|
||||
width: 250px;
|
||||
margin-right: 10px;
|
||||
margin-bottom: 10px;
|
||||
padding: 5px;
|
||||
-moz-border-radius-topleft: 5px;
|
||||
-moz-border-radius-topright: 5px;
|
||||
-moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 5px;
|
||||
-moz-border-radius-bottomright: 5px;
|
||||
-webkit-border-bottom-right-radius: 5px;
|
||||
-webkit-border-top-left-radius: 5px;
|
||||
-webkit-border-top-right-radius: 5px;
|
||||
-webkit-border-bottom-left-radius: 5px;
|
||||
border-bottom-right-radius: 5px;
|
||||
border-top-left-radius: 5px;
|
||||
border-top-right-radius: 5px;
|
||||
border-bottom-left-radius: 5px;
|
||||
border: 1px solid #ccc;
|
||||
text-align: center;
|
||||
font-size: 12px;
|
||||
}
|
||||
.item-title {
|
||||
font-weight: bold;
|
||||
}
|
||||
.item-artist {
|
||||
font-weight: bold;
|
||||
font-size: 14px;
|
||||
}
|
||||
.item-detail {
|
||||
margin: 10px 0 0 10px;
|
||||
}
|
||||
.item-detail .item-image {
|
||||
float: left;
|
||||
margin-right: 10px;
|
||||
}
|
||||
.item-detail .item-info {
|
||||
padding: 100px 10px 0px 10px;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
|
|||
% -*- Mode: noweb; noweb-code-mode: coffee-mode ; noweb-doc-mode: latex-mode -*-
|
||||
% -*- Mode: poly-noweb+coffee -*-
|
||||
\documentclass{article}
|
||||
\usepackage{noweb}
|
||||
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
|
||||
\usepackage{hyperref}
|
||||
\usepackage{fontspec, xunicode, xltxtra}
|
||||
\setromanfont{Georgia}
|
||||
\begin{document}
|
||||
|
||||
% Generate code and documentation with:
|
||||
|
|
@ -13,39 +15,47 @@
|
|||
|
||||
\section{Introduction}
|
||||
|
||||
This is version 2.0\textit{bis} of \textbf{The Backbone Store}, a
|
||||
brief tutorial on using [[backbone.js]]. It uses the original
|
||||
Backbone Store as a reference, but using a modern suite of tools:
|
||||
Coffeescript (version 1.1), HAML (Ruby version 3.1.1), and Stylus.
|
||||
This is version 3.0 of \textbf{The Backbone Store}, a brief tutorial on
|
||||
using [[backbone.js]]. The version you are currently reading has been
|
||||
tested with the latest versions of the supporting software as of April,
|
||||
2016.
|
||||
|
||||
\nwanchorto{http://jashkenas.github.com/coffee-script/}{CoffeeScript}
|
||||
is a lovely little languange that compiles into Javascript. It
|
||||
provides a class-based architecture (that is compatible with
|
||||
Backbone), has an elegant structure for defining functions and
|
||||
methods, and strips out as much extraneous punctuation as possible.
|
||||
Some people find the whitespace-as-semantics a'la Python offputting,
|
||||
but most disciplined developers already indent appropriately.
|
||||
\nwanchorto{http://documentcloud.github.com/backbone/}{Backbone.js} is a
|
||||
popular Model-View-Controller (MVC) library that provides a framework
|
||||
for creating data-rich, single-page web applications. It provides (1) a
|
||||
two-layer scheme for separating data from presentation, (2) a means of
|
||||
automatically synchronizing data with a server in a RESTful manner, and
|
||||
(3) a mechanism for making some views bookmarkable and navigable.
|
||||
|
||||
Backbone is dependent upon \nwanchorto{http://jquery.com}{jQuery} and
|
||||
\nwanchorto{http://underscorejs.org}{Underscore}. Both of those
|
||||
dependencies are encoded into the build process automatically.
|
||||
|
||||
The version of this tutorial you are currently reading uses
|
||||
Coffeescript, Stylus, and Ruby's HAML. The purpose of this tutorial is
|
||||
to show how to use Backbone in a modern, constrained programming
|
||||
environment.
|
||||
|
||||
\nwanchorto{http://jashkenas.github.com/coffee-script/}{CoffeeScript} is
|
||||
a lovely little languange that compiles into Javascript. It provides a
|
||||
class-based architecture (that is compatible with Backbone), has an
|
||||
elegant structure for defining functions and methods, and strips out as
|
||||
much extraneous punctuation as possible. Some people find the
|
||||
whitespace-as-semantics a'la Python offputting, but most disciplined
|
||||
developers already indent appropriately anyway.
|
||||
|
||||
\nwanchorto{http://haml-lang.com/}{HAML} is a languange that compiles
|
||||
into HTML. Like CoffeeScript, it uses whitespace for semantics:
|
||||
indentation levels correspond to HTML containerizations. It allows
|
||||
you to use rich scripting while preventing heirarchy misplacement
|
||||
mistakes. Its shorthand also makes writing HTML much faster.
|
||||
indentation levels correspond to HTML containerizations. It allows you
|
||||
to use rich scripting while preventing heirarchy misplacement mistakes.
|
||||
Its shorthand also makes writing HTML much faster.
|
||||
|
||||
\nwanchorto{https://github.com/LearnBoost/stylus/}{Stylus} is
|
||||
languange that compiles into CSS. Like CoffeeScript and HAML, it uses
|
||||
whitespace for semantics. It also provides mixins and functions that
|
||||
allow you to define visual styles such as borders and gradients, and
|
||||
mix them into specific selectors in the CSS rather than having to
|
||||
write them into the HTML.
|
||||
|
||||
\nwanchorto{http://documentcloud.github.com/backbone/}{Backbone.js} is
|
||||
a popular Model-View-Controller (MVC) library that provides a
|
||||
framework for creating data-rich, single-page web applications. It
|
||||
provides (1) a two-layer scheme for separating data from presentation,
|
||||
(2) a means of automatically synchronizing data with a server in a
|
||||
RESTful manner, and (3) a mechanism for making some views bookmarkable
|
||||
and navigable.
|
||||
\nwanchorto{https://github.com/LearnBoost/stylus/}{Stylus} is languange
|
||||
that compiles into CSS. Like CoffeeScript and HAML, it uses whitespace
|
||||
for semantics. It also provides mixins and functions that allow you to
|
||||
define visual styles such as borders and gradients, and mix them into
|
||||
specific selectors in the CSS rather than having to write them into the
|
||||
HTML.
|
||||
|
||||
There are a number of other good tutorials for Backbone (See:
|
||||
\nwanchorto{http://www.plexical.com/blog/2010/11/18/backbone-js-tutorial/}{Meta
|
||||
|
|
@ -56,7 +66,7 @@ There are a number of other good tutorials for Backbone (See:
|
|||
Mobile} (which is written in
|
||||
\nwanchorto{http://jashkenas.github.com/coffee-script/}{Coffee}), and
|
||||
\nwanchorto{http://joshbohde.com/2010/11/25/backbonejs-and-django/}{Backbone
|
||||
and Django}. However, a couple of months ago I was attempting to
|
||||
and Django}. However, a couple of years ago I was attempting to
|
||||
learn Sammy.js, a library very similar to Backbone, and they had a
|
||||
nifty tutorial called
|
||||
\nwanchorto{http://code.quirkey.com/sammy/tutorials/json_store_part1.html}{The
|
||||
|
|
@ -79,151 +89,154 @@ here.
|
|||
|
||||
\subsection{Revision}
|
||||
|
||||
This is version 2.0 of \textit{The Backbone Store}. It includes
|
||||
changes to the store based upon a better understanding of what
|
||||
Backbone.js can do. This version uses jQuery 1.6.2 and Backbone
|
||||
0.5.2.
|
||||
This is version 3.0 of \textit{The Backbone Store}. It includes several
|
||||
significant updates, including the use of both NPM and Bower to build
|
||||
the final application.
|
||||
|
||||
\subsection{The Store}
|
||||
\subsection{The Store: What We're Going to Build}
|
||||
|
||||
To demonstrate the basics of Backbone, I'm going to create a simple
|
||||
one-page application, a store for record albums, with two unique
|
||||
views: a list of all products and a product detail view. I will also
|
||||
put a shopping cart widget on the page that shows the user how many
|
||||
products he or she has dropped into the cart. I'll use jQuery's
|
||||
[[fadeIn()]] and [[fadeOut()]] features to transition between the
|
||||
catalog and the product detail pages.
|
||||
one-page application, a store for record albums, with two unique views:
|
||||
a list of all products and a product detail view. I will also put a
|
||||
shopping cart widget on the page that shows the user how many products
|
||||
he or she has dropped into the cart. I'll use some simple animations to
|
||||
transition between the catalog and the product detail pages.
|
||||
|
||||
\subsection{Models, Collections, and Controllers}
|
||||
|
||||
Backbone's data layer provides two classes, [[Model]] and
|
||||
[[Collection]]. To use the Model, you inherit from it, modify the
|
||||
subclasss as needed, and then create new objects from the subclass by
|
||||
constructing the model with a JSON object. You modify the object by
|
||||
calling [[get()]] or [[set()]] on named attributes, rather than on the
|
||||
Model object directly; this allows Model to notify other interested
|
||||
objects that the object has been changed. And Model comes with
|
||||
[[fetch()]] and [[save()]] methods that will automatically pull or
|
||||
push a JSON representatino of the model to a server, if the Model has
|
||||
[[url]] as one of its attributes.
|
||||
Backbone's data layer provides two classes, [[Collection]] and
|
||||
[[Model]].
|
||||
|
||||
Collections are just that: lists of objects of a specific model. You
|
||||
extend the Collection class in a child class, and as you do you inform
|
||||
the Collection of what Model it represents, what URL you use to
|
||||
push/pull the full list of objects, and on what field the list should
|
||||
be sorted by default. If you attempt to add a raw JSON object to a
|
||||
collection, it constructs a corresponding Model object out of the JSON
|
||||
and manipulates that.
|
||||
Every web application has data, often tabular data. Full-stack web
|
||||
developers are (or ought to be) familiar with the \textit{triples} of
|
||||
addressing objects on the web: Table URL → Row → Field, or Page URL →
|
||||
HTML Node → Content. The [[Collection]] object represents just that: a
|
||||
collection of similar items. The [[Model]] represents exactly one of
|
||||
those items.
|
||||
|
||||
I will be getting the data from a simplified JSON file that comes in
|
||||
the download; it contains six record albums that the store sells.
|
||||
(Unlike the JSON store, these albums do not exist; the covers were
|
||||
generated during a round of
|
||||
\nwanchorto{http://elfs.livejournal.com/756709.html}{The Album Cover
|
||||
Game}, a meme one popular with graphic designers.)
|
||||
To use the Model, you inherit from it using Backbone's own [[.extend()]]
|
||||
class method, adding or replacing methods in the child object as
|
||||
needed. For our purposes, we have two models: [[Product]] represents
|
||||
something we wish to sell, and [[Item]] represents something currently
|
||||
in the customer's shopping cart.
|
||||
|
||||
For our purposes, then, we have a [[Product]] and a
|
||||
[[ProductCollection]]. A popular convention in Backbone is to use
|
||||
concrete names for models, and Name\textbf{Collection} for the
|
||||
collection.
|
||||
Shopping carts are a little odd; the convention is that [[Item]] is not a
|
||||
single instance of the product, but instead has a reference to the
|
||||
product, and a count of how many the buyer wants. To that end, I am
|
||||
adding two methods that extend Item: [[.update()]], which changes the
|
||||
current quantity, and [[.price()]], which calculates the product's price
|
||||
times the quantity:
|
||||
|
||||
Models are duck-typed by default; they do not care what you put into
|
||||
them. So all I need to say is that a [[Product]] is-a [[Model]]. The
|
||||
Collection is straightforward as well; I tell it what model it
|
||||
represents, override the [[initialize()]] method (which is empty in
|
||||
the Backbone default) to inform this Collection that it has a url, and
|
||||
create the comparator function for default sorting.
|
||||
|
||||
Note that Coffeescript uses '@' to represent [[this]], and always
|
||||
returns the last lvalue generated by every function and method. So
|
||||
the last line of [[initialize]] below compiles to [[return this]].
|
||||
|
||||
<<product models>>=
|
||||
<<models>>=
|
||||
class Product extends Backbone.Model
|
||||
|
||||
class Item extends Backbone.Model
|
||||
update: (amount) ->
|
||||
return if amount == @get 'quantity'
|
||||
@set {quantity: amount}, {silent: true}
|
||||
@collection.trigger 'update', @
|
||||
|
||||
price: () ->
|
||||
@get('product').get('price') * @get('quantity')
|
||||
@
|
||||
|
||||
The methods [[.get(item)]] and [[.set(item, value)]] are at the heart of
|
||||
Backbone.Model. They're how you set individual attributes on the
|
||||
object being manipulated. Notice how I can 'get' the product, which is
|
||||
a Backbone.Model, and then 'get' its price.
|
||||
|
||||
Backbone supplies its own event management toolkit. Changing a model
|
||||
triggers various events, none of which matter here in this context so I
|
||||
silence the event, but then I tell the Item's Backbone.Collection that
|
||||
the Model has changed. Events are the primary way in which Backbone
|
||||
objects interact, so understanding them is key to using Backbone
|
||||
correctly.
|
||||
|
||||
Collections, like Models, are just objects you can (and often must)
|
||||
extend to support your application's needs. Just as a Model has
|
||||
\texttt{.get()} and \texttt{.set()}, a Collection has [[.add(item)]] and
|
||||
[[.remove(id)]] as methods. Collections have a lot more than that.
|
||||
|
||||
Both Models and Collections also have [[.fetch()]] and [[.save()]]. If
|
||||
either has a URL, these methods allow the collection to represent data
|
||||
on the server, and to save that data back to the server. The default
|
||||
method is a simple JSON object representing either a Model's attributes,
|
||||
or a JSON list of the Collection's models' attributes.
|
||||
|
||||
The [[Product.Collection]] will be loading it's list of albums via these
|
||||
methods to (in our case) static JSON back-end.
|
||||
|
||||
<<product collection>>=
|
||||
class ProductCollection extends Backbone.Collection
|
||||
model: Product
|
||||
|
||||
initialize: (models, options) ->
|
||||
@url = options.url
|
||||
@
|
||||
|
||||
comparator: (item) ->
|
||||
item.get('title')
|
||||
item.get 'title'
|
||||
@
|
||||
|
||||
The [[.model]] attribute tells the [[ProductCollection]] that if
|
||||
[[.add()]] or [[.fetch()]] are called and the contents are plain JSON,
|
||||
a new [[Product]] Model should be initialized with the JSON data and
|
||||
that will be used as a new object for the Collection.
|
||||
|
||||
The [[.comparator()]] method specifies the per-model value by which the
|
||||
Collection should be sorted. Sorting happens automatically whenever the
|
||||
Collection receives an event indicating its contents have been altered.
|
||||
|
||||
For the shopping cart, our cart will hold [[Item]]s, and the cart
|
||||
itself will be an [[ItemCollection]]. Shoppings carts are a little
|
||||
odd; the convention is that an [[Item]] is not a single instance of a
|
||||
product, but a reference to the products and a quantity.
|
||||
The [[ItemCollection]] doesn't have a URL, but we do have several helper
|
||||
methods to add. We don't want to add Items; instead, we want to add
|
||||
products as needed, then update the count as requested. If the product
|
||||
is already in our system, we don't want to create duplicates.
|
||||
|
||||
One thing we will be doing is changing the quantity, so I have
|
||||
provided a convenience function for the Item that allows you to do
|
||||
that. Now, no client classes such as Views need to know how the
|
||||
quantity is updated.
|
||||
|
||||
Also, it would be nice to know the total price of the Item.
|
||||
|
||||
<<cart models>>=
|
||||
class Item extends Backbone.Model
|
||||
update: (amount) ->
|
||||
if amount == @get('quantity')
|
||||
return
|
||||
@set {quantity: amount}, {silent: true}
|
||||
@collection.trigger('change', this)
|
||||
|
||||
price: () ->
|
||||
@get('product').get('price') * @get('quantity')
|
||||
|
||||
@
|
||||
|
||||
The [[ItemCollection]] is a little trickier. It is entirely
|
||||
client-side; it has no synchronization with the backend at all. But
|
||||
it does have a model.
|
||||
|
||||
The [[ItemCollection]] must be able to find an Item in the cart to
|
||||
update when a view needs it. If the Item is not in the Collection, it
|
||||
must create one. The method [[getOrCreateItemForProduct]] does this.
|
||||
It uses the [[detect()]] method, a method [[Collection]] inherits from
|
||||
Backbone's one dependency, Underscore.js; [[detect()]] returns the
|
||||
first [[Item]] in the [[ItemCollection]] for which the function
|
||||
returns [[true]]. Also, when I have to create a new Item, I want to
|
||||
add it to the collection, and I pass the parameter [[silent]], which
|
||||
prevents the Collection from notifying event subscribers that the
|
||||
collection has changed. Since this is an Item with zero objects in
|
||||
it, this is not a change to what the collection represents, and I
|
||||
don't want Views to react without having to.
|
||||
|
||||
Finally, I add two methods that return the total count of objects in
|
||||
the collection (not [[Items]], but actual [[Products]]), and the total
|
||||
cost of those items in the cart. The Underscore method [[reduce()]]
|
||||
does this by taking a function for adding progressive items, and a
|
||||
starting value.
|
||||
|
||||
<<cart models>>=
|
||||
<<cart collection>>=
|
||||
class ItemCollection extends Backbone.Collection
|
||||
model: Item
|
||||
|
||||
getOrCreateItemForProduct: (product) ->
|
||||
pid = product.get('id')
|
||||
i = this.detect (obj) -> (obj.get('product').get('id') == pid)
|
||||
if (i)
|
||||
return i
|
||||
i = new Item
|
||||
product: product
|
||||
quantity: 0
|
||||
@add i, {silent: true}
|
||||
i
|
||||
@
|
||||
|
||||
First, we ensure that if we don't receive an amount, we at least provide
|
||||
a valid \textit{numerical} value to our code. The [[.detect()]] method
|
||||
lets us find an object in our Collection using a function to compare
|
||||
them; it returns the first object that matches.
|
||||
|
||||
If we find the object, we update it and return. If we don't, we create
|
||||
a new one, exploiting the fact that, since we specified the Collection's
|
||||
Model above, it will automatically be created as a Model in the
|
||||
Collection at the end of this call. In either case, we return the new
|
||||
Item to be handled further by the calling code.
|
||||
|
||||
<<cart collection>>=
|
||||
updateItemForProduct: (product, amount) ->
|
||||
amount = if amount? then amount else 0
|
||||
pid = product.get 'id'
|
||||
i = this.detect (obj) -> (obj.get('product').get('id') == pid)
|
||||
if i
|
||||
i.update(amount)
|
||||
return i
|
||||
|
||||
@add {product: product, quantity: amount}
|
||||
|
||||
@
|
||||
|
||||
And finally, two methods to add up how many objects are in your cart,
|
||||
and the total price. The first line creates a function to get the
|
||||
number for a single object and add it to a memo. The second line uses
|
||||
the [[.reduce()]] method, which goes through each object in the
|
||||
collection and runs the function, passing the results of each run to the
|
||||
next as the memo.
|
||||
|
||||
<<cart cart collection>>=
|
||||
@
|
||||
getTotalCount: () ->
|
||||
addup = (memo, obj) -> obj.get('quantity') + memo
|
||||
addup = (memo, obj) -> memo + obj.get 'quantity'
|
||||
@reduce addup, 0
|
||||
|
||||
getTotalCost: () ->
|
||||
addup = (memo, obj) ->obj.price() + memo
|
||||
@reduce(addup, 0);
|
||||
addup = (memo, obj) -> memo + obj.price()
|
||||
@reduce addup, 0
|
||||
|
||||
@
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -235,12 +248,11 @@ listen for events, and a model or collection they represent within
|
|||
that element. Views are not rigid; it's just Javascript and the DOM,
|
||||
and you can hook external events as needed.
|
||||
|
||||
More importantly, a View is sensitive to events \textit{within its
|
||||
model or collection}, and can respond to changes automatically.
|
||||
This way, if you have a rich data ecosystem, when changes to one data
|
||||
item results in a cascade of changes throughout your datasets, the
|
||||
views will receive ``change'' events and can update themselves
|
||||
accordingly.
|
||||
More importantly, a View is sensitive to events \textit{within its model
|
||||
or collection}, and can respond to changes automatically. This way,
|
||||
if you have a rich data ecosystem, when changes to one data item results
|
||||
in a cascade of changes throughout your datasets, the views will receive
|
||||
``change'' events and can update themselves accordingly.
|
||||
|
||||
I will show how this works with the shopping cart widget.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -263,13 +275,17 @@ class _BaseView extends Backbone.View
|
|||
|
||||
The above says that I am creating a class called \texttt{BaseView} and
|
||||
defining two fields. The first, 'parent', will be used by all child
|
||||
views to identify into which DOM object the View root element will
|
||||
be rendered. The second defines a common class we will use for the
|
||||
purpose of identifying these views to jQuery. Backbone automatically
|
||||
creates a new [[DIV]] object with the class 'viewport' when a view
|
||||
constructor is called. It will be our job to attach that [[DIV]] to
|
||||
the DOM. In the HTML, you will see the [[DIV\#main]] object where most
|
||||
of the work will be rendered.
|
||||
views to identify into which DOM object the View root element will be
|
||||
rendered. The second defines a common class we will use for the purpose
|
||||
of identifying these views to jQuery. Backbone automatically creates a
|
||||
new [[DIV]] object with the class 'viewport' when a view constructor is
|
||||
called. It will be our job to attach that [[DIV]] to the DOM. In the
|
||||
HTML, you will see the [[DIV\#main]] object where most of the work will
|
||||
be rendered.
|
||||
|
||||
As an alternative, the viewport object may already exist, in which case
|
||||
you just find it with a selector, and the view attaches itself to that
|
||||
DOM object from then on.
|
||||
|
||||
<<base view>>=
|
||||
initialize: () ->
|
||||
|
|
@ -290,8 +306,8 @@ anything.
|
|||
|
||||
Next, we will define the hide and show functions.
|
||||
|
||||
Note that in coffeescript, the [[=>]] operator completely replaces the
|
||||
[[_.bind()]] function provided by underscore.
|
||||
Note that in Coffeescript, the [[=>]] operator completely replaces the
|
||||
[[.bind()]] function provided by modern Javascript.
|
||||
|
||||
<<base view>>=
|
||||
hide: () ->
|
||||
|
|
@ -309,17 +325,17 @@ Note that in coffeescript, the [[=>]] operator completely replaces the
|
|||
|
||||
@
|
||||
|
||||
\textbf{Deferred} is a new feature of jQuery. It is a different
|
||||
mechanism for invoking callbacks by attaching attributes and behavior
|
||||
to the callback function. By using this, we can say thing like
|
||||
``\textit{When} everything is hidden (when every deferred returned
|
||||
from \textbf{hide} has been resolved), \textit{then} show the
|
||||
appropriate viewport.'' Deferreds are incredibly powerful, and this
|
||||
is a small taste of what can be done with them.
|
||||
\textbf{Deferred} is a feature of jQuery called ``promises''. It is a
|
||||
different mechanism for invoking callbacks by attaching attributes and
|
||||
behavior to the callback function. By using this, we can say thing like
|
||||
``\textit{When} everything is hidden (when every deferred returned from
|
||||
\textbf{hide} has been resolved), \textit{then} show the appropriate
|
||||
viewport.'' Deferreds are incredibly powerful, and this is a small
|
||||
taste of what can be done with them.
|
||||
|
||||
Before we move on, let's take a look at the HAML we're going to use
|
||||
for our one-page application. The code below compiles beautifully
|
||||
into the same HTML seen in the original Backbone Store.
|
||||
Before we move on, let's take a look at the HAML we're going to use for
|
||||
our one-page application. The code below compiles beautifully into the
|
||||
same HTML seen in the original Backbone Store.
|
||||
|
||||
<<index.haml>>=
|
||||
!!! 5
|
||||
|
|
@ -338,9 +354,9 @@ into the same HTML seen in the original Backbone Store.
|
|||
The Backbone Store
|
||||
.cart-info
|
||||
#main
|
||||
%script{:src => "jquery-1.6.2.min.js", :type => "text/javascript"}
|
||||
%script{:src => "underscore.js", :type => "text/javascript"}
|
||||
%script{:src => "backbone.js", :type => "text/javascript"}
|
||||
%script{:src => "lib/jquery.js", :type => "text/javascript"}
|
||||
%script{:src => "lib/underscore.js", :type => "text/javascript"}
|
||||
%script{:src => "lib/backbone.js", :type => "text/javascript"}
|
||||
%script{:src => "store.js", :type => "text/javascript"}
|
||||
@
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -360,10 +376,10 @@ Backbone users frequently have: \textit{What is \texttt{render()}
|
|||
functionality, we use the parent class's \texttt{show()} and
|
||||
\texttt{hide()} methods to actually show the view.
|
||||
|
||||
That call to [[\_super\_]] is a Backbone idiom for calling a method on
|
||||
the parent object. It is, as far as anyone knows, the only way to
|
||||
invoke a superclass method if it has been redefined in a subclass.
|
||||
It is rather ugly, but useful.
|
||||
That call to [[.prototype]] is a Javascript idiom for calling a method
|
||||
on the parent object. It is, as far as anyone knows, the only way to
|
||||
invoke a superclass method if it has been redefined in a subclass. It
|
||||
is rather ugly, but useful.
|
||||
|
||||
<<product list view>>=
|
||||
class ProductListView extends _BaseView
|
||||
|
|
@ -371,7 +387,7 @@ class ProductListView extends _BaseView
|
|||
template: $("#store_index_template").html()
|
||||
|
||||
initialize: (options) ->
|
||||
@constructor.__super__.initialize.apply @, [options]
|
||||
_BaseView.prototype.initialize.apply @, [options]
|
||||
@collection.bind 'reset', _.bind(@render, @)
|
||||
|
||||
render: () ->
|
||||
|
|
@ -414,21 +430,19 @@ but note that we are again using [[\#main]] as our target; we will be
|
|||
showing and hiding the various [[DIV]] objects in [[\#main]] again and
|
||||
again.
|
||||
|
||||
The only trickiness here is twofold: the (rather hideous) means by
|
||||
which one calls the method of a parnt class from a child class via
|
||||
Backbone's class heirarchy (this is most definitely \textbf{not}
|
||||
Javascript standard), and keeping track of the itemcollection object,
|
||||
so we can add and change items as needed.
|
||||
The only trickiness here is twofold: the means by which one calls the
|
||||
method of a parent class from a child class via Backbone's class
|
||||
heirarchy, and keeping track of the itemcollection object, so we can add
|
||||
and change items as needed.
|
||||
|
||||
<<product detail view>>=
|
||||
class ProductView extends _BaseView
|
||||
id: 'productitemview'
|
||||
template: $("#store_item_template").html()
|
||||
initialize: (options) ->
|
||||
@constructor.__super__.initialize.apply @, [options]
|
||||
_BaseView.prototype.initialize.apply @, [options]
|
||||
@itemcollection = options.itemcollection
|
||||
@item = @itemcollection.getOrCreateItemForProduct @model
|
||||
@
|
||||
|
||||
@
|
||||
%$
|
||||
|
|
@ -691,9 +705,11 @@ Here's the entirety of the program. Coffeescript provides its own
|
|||
namespace wrapper:
|
||||
|
||||
<<store.coffee>>=
|
||||
<<product models>>
|
||||
<<models>>
|
||||
|
||||
<<cart models>>
|
||||
<<product collection>>
|
||||
|
||||
<<cart collection>>
|
||||
|
||||
<<base view>>
|
||||
|
||||
168
store.coffee
168
store.coffee
|
|
@ -1,168 +0,0 @@
|
|||
class Product extends Backbone.Model
|
||||
|
||||
class ProductCollection extends Backbone.Collection
|
||||
model: Product
|
||||
|
||||
initialize: (models, options) ->
|
||||
@url = options.url
|
||||
@
|
||||
|
||||
comparator: (item) ->
|
||||
item.get('title')
|
||||
|
||||
class Item extends Backbone.Model
|
||||
update: (amount) ->
|
||||
if amount == @get('quantity')
|
||||
return
|
||||
@set {quantity: amount}, {silent: true}
|
||||
@collection.trigger('change', this)
|
||||
|
||||
price: () ->
|
||||
@get('product').get('price') * @get('quantity')
|
||||
|
||||
class ItemCollection extends Backbone.Collection
|
||||
model: Item
|
||||
|
||||
getOrCreateItemForProduct: (product) ->
|
||||
pid = product.get('id')
|
||||
i = this.detect (obj) -> (obj.get('product').get('id') == pid)
|
||||
if (i)
|
||||
return i
|
||||
i = new Item
|
||||
product: product
|
||||
quantity: 0
|
||||
@add i, {silent: true}
|
||||
i
|
||||
|
||||
getTotalCount: () ->
|
||||
addup = (memo, obj) -> obj.get('quantity') + memo
|
||||
@reduce addup, 0
|
||||
|
||||
getTotalCost: () ->
|
||||
addup = (memo, obj) ->obj.price() + memo
|
||||
@reduce(addup, 0);
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
class _BaseView extends Backbone.View
|
||||
parent: $('#main')
|
||||
className: 'viewport'
|
||||
|
||||
initialize: () ->
|
||||
@el = $(@el)
|
||||
@el.hide()
|
||||
@parent.append(@el)
|
||||
@
|
||||
|
||||
hide: () ->
|
||||
if not @el.is(':visible')
|
||||
return null
|
||||
promise = $.Deferred (dfd) => @el.fadeOut('fast', dfd.resolve)
|
||||
promise.promise()
|
||||
|
||||
show: () ->
|
||||
if @el.is(':visible')
|
||||
return
|
||||
|
||||
promise = $.Deferred (dfd) => @el.fadeIn('fast', dfd.resolve)
|
||||
promise.promise()
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
class ProductListView extends _BaseView
|
||||
id: 'productlistview'
|
||||
template: $("#store_index_template").html()
|
||||
|
||||
initialize: (options) ->
|
||||
@constructor.__super__.initialize.apply @, [options]
|
||||
@collection.bind 'reset', _.bind(@render, @)
|
||||
|
||||
render: () ->
|
||||
@el.html(_.template(@template, {'products': @collection.toJSON()}))
|
||||
@
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
class ProductView extends _BaseView
|
||||
id: 'productitemview'
|
||||
template: $("#store_item_template").html()
|
||||
initialize: (options) ->
|
||||
@constructor.__super__.initialize.apply @, [options]
|
||||
@itemcollection = options.itemcollection
|
||||
@item = @itemcollection.getOrCreateItemForProduct @model
|
||||
@
|
||||
|
||||
events:
|
||||
"keypress .uqf" : "updateOnEnter"
|
||||
"click .uq" : "update"
|
||||
|
||||
update: (e) ->
|
||||
e.preventDefault()
|
||||
@item.update parseInt(@$('.uqf').val())
|
||||
|
||||
updateOnEnter: (e) ->
|
||||
if (e.keyCode == 13)
|
||||
@update e
|
||||
|
||||
render: () ->
|
||||
@el.html(_.template(@template, @model.toJSON()));
|
||||
@
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
class CartWidget extends Backbone.View
|
||||
el: $('.cart-info')
|
||||
template: $('#store_cart_template').html()
|
||||
|
||||
initialize: () ->
|
||||
@collection.bind('change', _.bind(@render, @));
|
||||
|
||||
render: () ->
|
||||
tel = @el.html _.template @template,
|
||||
'count': @collection.getTotalCount()
|
||||
'cost': @collection.getTotalCost()
|
||||
tel.animate({paddingTop: '30px'}).animate({paddingTop: '10px'})
|
||||
@
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
class BackboneStore extends Backbone.Router
|
||||
views: {}
|
||||
products: null
|
||||
cart: null
|
||||
|
||||
routes:
|
||||
"": "index"
|
||||
"item/:id": "product"
|
||||
|
||||
initialize: (data) ->
|
||||
@cart = new ItemCollection()
|
||||
new CartWidget
|
||||
collection: @cart
|
||||
|
||||
@products = new ProductCollection [],
|
||||
url: 'data/items.json'
|
||||
@views =
|
||||
'_index': new ProductListView
|
||||
collection: @products
|
||||
$.when(@products.fetch({reset: true}))
|
||||
.then(() -> window.location.hash = '')
|
||||
@
|
||||
|
||||
hideAllViews: () ->
|
||||
_.select(_.map(@views, (v) -> return v.hide()),
|
||||
(t) -> t != null)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
index: () ->
|
||||
view = @views['_index']
|
||||
$.when(@hideAllViews()).then(() -> view.show())
|
||||
|
||||
product: (id) ->
|
||||
product = @products.detect (p) -> p.get('id') == (id)
|
||||
view = (@views['item.' + id] ||= new ProductView(
|
||||
model: product,
|
||||
itemcollection: @cart
|
||||
).render())
|
||||
$.when(@hideAllViews()).then(
|
||||
() -> view.show())
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
$(document).ready () ->
|
||||
new BackboneStore();
|
||||
Backbone.history.start();
|
||||
270
store.js
270
store.js
|
|
@ -1,270 +0,0 @@
|
|||
(function() {
|
||||
var BackboneStore, CartWidget, Item, ItemCollection, Product, ProductCollection, ProductListView, ProductView, _BaseView;
|
||||
var __hasProp = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty, __extends = function(child, parent) {
|
||||
for (var key in parent) { if (__hasProp.call(parent, key)) child[key] = parent[key]; }
|
||||
function ctor() { this.constructor = child; }
|
||||
ctor.prototype = parent.prototype;
|
||||
child.prototype = new ctor;
|
||||
child.__super__ = parent.prototype;
|
||||
return child;
|
||||
}, __bind = function(fn, me){ return function(){ return fn.apply(me, arguments); }; };
|
||||
Product = (function() {
|
||||
__extends(Product, Backbone.Model);
|
||||
function Product() {
|
||||
Product.__super__.constructor.apply(this, arguments);
|
||||
}
|
||||
return Product;
|
||||
})();
|
||||
ProductCollection = (function() {
|
||||
__extends(ProductCollection, Backbone.Collection);
|
||||
function ProductCollection() {
|
||||
ProductCollection.__super__.constructor.apply(this, arguments);
|
||||
}
|
||||
ProductCollection.prototype.model = Product;
|
||||
ProductCollection.prototype.initialize = function(models, options) {
|
||||
this.url = options.url;
|
||||
return this;
|
||||
};
|
||||
ProductCollection.prototype.comparator = function(item) {
|
||||
return item.get('title');
|
||||
};
|
||||
return ProductCollection;
|
||||
})();
|
||||
Item = (function() {
|
||||
__extends(Item, Backbone.Model);
|
||||
function Item() {
|
||||
Item.__super__.constructor.apply(this, arguments);
|
||||
}
|
||||
Item.prototype.update = function(amount) {
|
||||
if (amount === this.get('quantity')) {
|
||||
return;
|
||||
}
|
||||
this.set({
|
||||
quantity: amount
|
||||
}, {
|
||||
silent: true
|
||||
});
|
||||
return this.collection.trigger('change', this);
|
||||
};
|
||||
Item.prototype.price = function() {
|
||||
return this.get('product').get('price') * this.get('quantity');
|
||||
};
|
||||
return Item;
|
||||
})();
|
||||
ItemCollection = (function() {
|
||||
__extends(ItemCollection, Backbone.Collection);
|
||||
function ItemCollection() {
|
||||
ItemCollection.__super__.constructor.apply(this, arguments);
|
||||
}
|
||||
ItemCollection.prototype.model = Item;
|
||||
ItemCollection.prototype.getOrCreateItemForProduct = function(product) {
|
||||
var i, pid;
|
||||
pid = product.get('id');
|
||||
i = this.detect(function(obj) {
|
||||
return obj.get('product').get('id') === pid;
|
||||
});
|
||||
if (i) {
|
||||
return i;
|
||||
}
|
||||
i = new Item({
|
||||
product: product,
|
||||
quantity: 0
|
||||
});
|
||||
this.add(i, {
|
||||
silent: true
|
||||
});
|
||||
return i;
|
||||
};
|
||||
ItemCollection.prototype.getTotalCount = function() {
|
||||
var addup;
|
||||
addup = function(memo, obj) {
|
||||
return obj.get('quantity') + memo;
|
||||
};
|
||||
return this.reduce(addup, 0);
|
||||
};
|
||||
ItemCollection.prototype.getTotalCost = function() {
|
||||
var addup;
|
||||
addup = function(memo, obj) {
|
||||
return obj.price() + memo;
|
||||
};
|
||||
return this.reduce(addup, 0);
|
||||
};
|
||||
return ItemCollection;
|
||||
})();
|
||||
_BaseView = (function() {
|
||||
__extends(_BaseView, Backbone.View);
|
||||
function _BaseView() {
|
||||
_BaseView.__super__.constructor.apply(this, arguments);
|
||||
}
|
||||
_BaseView.prototype.parent = $('#main');
|
||||
_BaseView.prototype.className = 'viewport';
|
||||
_BaseView.prototype.initialize = function() {
|
||||
this.el = $(this.el);
|
||||
this.el.hide();
|
||||
this.parent.append(this.el);
|
||||
return this;
|
||||
};
|
||||
_BaseView.prototype.hide = function() {
|
||||
var promise;
|
||||
if (!this.el.is(':visible')) {
|
||||
return null;
|
||||
}
|
||||
promise = $.Deferred(__bind(function(dfd) {
|
||||
return this.el.fadeOut('fast', dfd.resolve);
|
||||
}, this));
|
||||
return promise.promise();
|
||||
};
|
||||
_BaseView.prototype.show = function() {
|
||||
var promise;
|
||||
if (this.el.is(':visible')) {
|
||||
return;
|
||||
}
|
||||
promise = $.Deferred(__bind(function(dfd) {
|
||||
return this.el.fadeIn('fast', dfd.resolve);
|
||||
}, this));
|
||||
return promise.promise();
|
||||
};
|
||||
return _BaseView;
|
||||
})();
|
||||
ProductListView = (function() {
|
||||
__extends(ProductListView, _BaseView);
|
||||
function ProductListView() {
|
||||
ProductListView.__super__.constructor.apply(this, arguments);
|
||||
}
|
||||
ProductListView.prototype.id = 'productlistview';
|
||||
ProductListView.prototype.template = $("#store_index_template").html();
|
||||
ProductListView.prototype.initialize = function(options) {
|
||||
this.constructor.__super__.initialize.apply(this, [options]);
|
||||
return this.collection.bind('reset', _.bind(this.render, this));
|
||||
};
|
||||
ProductListView.prototype.render = function() {
|
||||
this.el.html(_.template(this.template, {
|
||||
'products': this.collection.toJSON()
|
||||
}));
|
||||
return this;
|
||||
};
|
||||
return ProductListView;
|
||||
})();
|
||||
ProductView = (function() {
|
||||
__extends(ProductView, _BaseView);
|
||||
function ProductView() {
|
||||
ProductView.__super__.constructor.apply(this, arguments);
|
||||
}
|
||||
ProductView.prototype.id = 'productitemview';
|
||||
ProductView.prototype.template = $("#store_item_template").html();
|
||||
ProductView.prototype.initialize = function(options) {
|
||||
this.constructor.__super__.initialize.apply(this, [options]);
|
||||
this.itemcollection = options.itemcollection;
|
||||
this.item = this.itemcollection.getOrCreateItemForProduct(this.model);
|
||||
return this;
|
||||
};
|
||||
ProductView.prototype.events = {
|
||||
"keypress .uqf": "updateOnEnter",
|
||||
"click .uq": "update"
|
||||
};
|
||||
ProductView.prototype.update = function(e) {
|
||||
e.preventDefault();
|
||||
return this.item.update(parseInt(this.$('.uqf').val()));
|
||||
};
|
||||
ProductView.prototype.updateOnEnter = function(e) {
|
||||
if (e.keyCode === 13) {
|
||||
return this.update(e);
|
||||
}
|
||||
};
|
||||
ProductView.prototype.render = function() {
|
||||
this.el.html(_.template(this.template, this.model.toJSON()));
|
||||
return this;
|
||||
};
|
||||
return ProductView;
|
||||
})();
|
||||
CartWidget = (function() {
|
||||
__extends(CartWidget, Backbone.View);
|
||||
function CartWidget() {
|
||||
CartWidget.__super__.constructor.apply(this, arguments);
|
||||
}
|
||||
CartWidget.prototype.el = $('.cart-info');
|
||||
CartWidget.prototype.template = $('#store_cart_template').html();
|
||||
CartWidget.prototype.initialize = function() {
|
||||
return this.collection.bind('change', _.bind(this.render, this));
|
||||
};
|
||||
CartWidget.prototype.render = function() {
|
||||
var tel;
|
||||
tel = this.el.html(_.template(this.template, {
|
||||
'count': this.collection.getTotalCount(),
|
||||
'cost': this.collection.getTotalCost()
|
||||
}));
|
||||
tel.animate({
|
||||
paddingTop: '30px'
|
||||
}).animate({
|
||||
paddingTop: '10px'
|
||||
});
|
||||
return this;
|
||||
};
|
||||
return CartWidget;
|
||||
})();
|
||||
BackboneStore = (function() {
|
||||
__extends(BackboneStore, Backbone.Router);
|
||||
function BackboneStore() {
|
||||
BackboneStore.__super__.constructor.apply(this, arguments);
|
||||
}
|
||||
BackboneStore.prototype.views = {};
|
||||
BackboneStore.prototype.products = null;
|
||||
BackboneStore.prototype.cart = null;
|
||||
BackboneStore.prototype.routes = {
|
||||
"": "index",
|
||||
"item/:id": "product"
|
||||
};
|
||||
BackboneStore.prototype.initialize = function(data) {
|
||||
this.cart = new ItemCollection();
|
||||
new CartWidget({
|
||||
collection: this.cart
|
||||
});
|
||||
this.products = new ProductCollection([], {
|
||||
url: 'data/items.json'
|
||||
});
|
||||
this.views = {
|
||||
'_index': new ProductListView({
|
||||
collection: this.products
|
||||
})
|
||||
};
|
||||
$.when(this.products.fetch({
|
||||
reset: true
|
||||
})).then(function() {
|
||||
return window.location.hash = '';
|
||||
});
|
||||
return this;
|
||||
};
|
||||
BackboneStore.prototype.hideAllViews = function() {
|
||||
return _.select(_.map(this.views, function(v) {
|
||||
return v.hide();
|
||||
}), function(t) {
|
||||
return t !== null;
|
||||
});
|
||||
};
|
||||
BackboneStore.prototype.index = function() {
|
||||
var view;
|
||||
view = this.views['_index'];
|
||||
return $.when(this.hideAllViews()).then(function() {
|
||||
return view.show();
|
||||
});
|
||||
};
|
||||
BackboneStore.prototype.product = function(id) {
|
||||
var product, view, _base, _name;
|
||||
product = this.products.detect(function(p) {
|
||||
return p.get('id') === id;
|
||||
});
|
||||
view = ((_base = this.views)[_name = 'item.' + id] || (_base[_name] = new ProductView({
|
||||
model: product,
|
||||
itemcollection: this.cart
|
||||
}).render()));
|
||||
return $.when(this.hideAllViews()).then(function() {
|
||||
return view.show();
|
||||
});
|
||||
};
|
||||
return BackboneStore;
|
||||
})();
|
||||
$(document).ready(function() {
|
||||
new BackboneStore();
|
||||
return Backbone.history.start();
|
||||
});
|
||||
}).call(this);
|
||||
839
underscore.js
839
underscore.js
|
|
@ -1,839 +0,0 @@
|
|||
// Underscore.js 1.1.7
|
||||
// (c) 2011 Jeremy Ashkenas, DocumentCloud Inc.
|
||||
// Underscore is freely distributable under the MIT license.
|
||||
// Portions of Underscore are inspired or borrowed from Prototype,
|
||||
// Oliver Steele's Functional, and John Resig's Micro-Templating.
|
||||
// For all details and documentation:
|
||||
// http://documentcloud.github.com/underscore
|
||||
|
||||
(function() {
|
||||
|
||||
// Baseline setup
|
||||
// --------------
|
||||
|
||||
// Establish the root object, `window` in the browser, or `global` on the server.
|
||||
var root = this;
|
||||
|
||||
// Save the previous value of the `_` variable.
|
||||
var previousUnderscore = root._;
|
||||
|
||||
// Establish the object that gets returned to break out of a loop iteration.
|
||||
var breaker = {};
|
||||
|
||||
// Save bytes in the minified (but not gzipped) version:
|
||||
var ArrayProto = Array.prototype, ObjProto = Object.prototype, FuncProto = Function.prototype;
|
||||
|
||||
// Create quick reference variables for speed access to core prototypes.
|
||||
var slice = ArrayProto.slice,
|
||||
unshift = ArrayProto.unshift,
|
||||
toString = ObjProto.toString,
|
||||
hasOwnProperty = ObjProto.hasOwnProperty;
|
||||
|
||||
// All **ECMAScript 5** native function implementations that we hope to use
|
||||
// are declared here.
|
||||
var
|
||||
nativeForEach = ArrayProto.forEach,
|
||||
nativeMap = ArrayProto.map,
|
||||
nativeReduce = ArrayProto.reduce,
|
||||
nativeReduceRight = ArrayProto.reduceRight,
|
||||
nativeFilter = ArrayProto.filter,
|
||||
nativeEvery = ArrayProto.every,
|
||||
nativeSome = ArrayProto.some,
|
||||
nativeIndexOf = ArrayProto.indexOf,
|
||||
nativeLastIndexOf = ArrayProto.lastIndexOf,
|
||||
nativeIsArray = Array.isArray,
|
||||
nativeKeys = Object.keys,
|
||||
nativeBind = FuncProto.bind;
|
||||
|
||||
// Create a safe reference to the Underscore object for use below.
|
||||
var _ = function(obj) { return new wrapper(obj); };
|
||||
|
||||
// Export the Underscore object for **CommonJS**, with backwards-compatibility
|
||||
// for the old `require()` API. If we're not in CommonJS, add `_` to the
|
||||
// global object.
|
||||
if (typeof module !== 'undefined' && module.exports) {
|
||||
module.exports = _;
|
||||
_._ = _;
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
// Exported as a string, for Closure Compiler "advanced" mode.
|
||||
root['_'] = _;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Current version.
|
||||
_.VERSION = '1.1.7';
|
||||
|
||||
// Collection Functions
|
||||
// --------------------
|
||||
|
||||
// The cornerstone, an `each` implementation, aka `forEach`.
|
||||
// Handles objects with the built-in `forEach`, arrays, and raw objects.
|
||||
// Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `forEach` if available.
|
||||
var each = _.each = _.forEach = function(obj, iterator, context) {
|
||||
if (obj == null) return;
|
||||
if (nativeForEach && obj.forEach === nativeForEach) {
|
||||
obj.forEach(iterator, context);
|
||||
} else if (obj.length === +obj.length) {
|
||||
for (var i = 0, l = obj.length; i < l; i++) {
|
||||
if (i in obj && iterator.call(context, obj[i], i, obj) === breaker) return;
|
||||
}
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
for (var key in obj) {
|
||||
if (hasOwnProperty.call(obj, key)) {
|
||||
if (iterator.call(context, obj[key], key, obj) === breaker) return;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Return the results of applying the iterator to each element.
|
||||
// Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `map` if available.
|
||||
_.map = function(obj, iterator, context) {
|
||||
var results = [];
|
||||
if (obj == null) return results;
|
||||
if (nativeMap && obj.map === nativeMap) return obj.map(iterator, context);
|
||||
each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
|
||||
results[results.length] = iterator.call(context, value, index, list);
|
||||
});
|
||||
return results;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// **Reduce** builds up a single result from a list of values, aka `inject`,
|
||||
// or `foldl`. Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `reduce` if available.
|
||||
_.reduce = _.foldl = _.inject = function(obj, iterator, memo, context) {
|
||||
var initial = memo !== void 0;
|
||||
if (obj == null) obj = [];
|
||||
if (nativeReduce && obj.reduce === nativeReduce) {
|
||||
if (context) iterator = _.bind(iterator, context);
|
||||
return initial ? obj.reduce(iterator, memo) : obj.reduce(iterator);
|
||||
}
|
||||
each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
|
||||
if (!initial) {
|
||||
memo = value;
|
||||
initial = true;
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
memo = iterator.call(context, memo, value, index, list);
|
||||
}
|
||||
});
|
||||
if (!initial) throw new TypeError("Reduce of empty array with no initial value");
|
||||
return memo;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// The right-associative version of reduce, also known as `foldr`.
|
||||
// Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `reduceRight` if available.
|
||||
_.reduceRight = _.foldr = function(obj, iterator, memo, context) {
|
||||
if (obj == null) obj = [];
|
||||
if (nativeReduceRight && obj.reduceRight === nativeReduceRight) {
|
||||
if (context) iterator = _.bind(iterator, context);
|
||||
return memo !== void 0 ? obj.reduceRight(iterator, memo) : obj.reduceRight(iterator);
|
||||
}
|
||||
var reversed = (_.isArray(obj) ? obj.slice() : _.toArray(obj)).reverse();
|
||||
return _.reduce(reversed, iterator, memo, context);
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Return the first value which passes a truth test. Aliased as `detect`.
|
||||
_.find = _.detect = function(obj, iterator, context) {
|
||||
var result;
|
||||
any(obj, function(value, index, list) {
|
||||
if (iterator.call(context, value, index, list)) {
|
||||
result = value;
|
||||
return true;
|
||||
}
|
||||
});
|
||||
return result;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Return all the elements that pass a truth test.
|
||||
// Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `filter` if available.
|
||||
// Aliased as `select`.
|
||||
_.filter = _.select = function(obj, iterator, context) {
|
||||
var results = [];
|
||||
if (obj == null) return results;
|
||||
if (nativeFilter && obj.filter === nativeFilter) return obj.filter(iterator, context);
|
||||
each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
|
||||
if (iterator.call(context, value, index, list)) results[results.length] = value;
|
||||
});
|
||||
return results;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Return all the elements for which a truth test fails.
|
||||
_.reject = function(obj, iterator, context) {
|
||||
var results = [];
|
||||
if (obj == null) return results;
|
||||
each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
|
||||
if (!iterator.call(context, value, index, list)) results[results.length] = value;
|
||||
});
|
||||
return results;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Determine whether all of the elements match a truth test.
|
||||
// Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `every` if available.
|
||||
// Aliased as `all`.
|
||||
_.every = _.all = function(obj, iterator, context) {
|
||||
var result = true;
|
||||
if (obj == null) return result;
|
||||
if (nativeEvery && obj.every === nativeEvery) return obj.every(iterator, context);
|
||||
each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
|
||||
if (!(result = result && iterator.call(context, value, index, list))) return breaker;
|
||||
});
|
||||
return result;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Determine if at least one element in the object matches a truth test.
|
||||
// Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `some` if available.
|
||||
// Aliased as `any`.
|
||||
var any = _.some = _.any = function(obj, iterator, context) {
|
||||
iterator = iterator || _.identity;
|
||||
var result = false;
|
||||
if (obj == null) return result;
|
||||
if (nativeSome && obj.some === nativeSome) return obj.some(iterator, context);
|
||||
each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
|
||||
if (result |= iterator.call(context, value, index, list)) return breaker;
|
||||
});
|
||||
return !!result;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Determine if a given value is included in the array or object using `===`.
|
||||
// Aliased as `contains`.
|
||||
_.include = _.contains = function(obj, target) {
|
||||
var found = false;
|
||||
if (obj == null) return found;
|
||||
if (nativeIndexOf && obj.indexOf === nativeIndexOf) return obj.indexOf(target) != -1;
|
||||
any(obj, function(value) {
|
||||
if (found = value === target) return true;
|
||||
});
|
||||
return found;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Invoke a method (with arguments) on every item in a collection.
|
||||
_.invoke = function(obj, method) {
|
||||
var args = slice.call(arguments, 2);
|
||||
return _.map(obj, function(value) {
|
||||
return (method.call ? method || value : value[method]).apply(value, args);
|
||||
});
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Convenience version of a common use case of `map`: fetching a property.
|
||||
_.pluck = function(obj, key) {
|
||||
return _.map(obj, function(value){ return value[key]; });
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Return the maximum element or (element-based computation).
|
||||
_.max = function(obj, iterator, context) {
|
||||
if (!iterator && _.isArray(obj)) return Math.max.apply(Math, obj);
|
||||
var result = {computed : -Infinity};
|
||||
each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
|
||||
var computed = iterator ? iterator.call(context, value, index, list) : value;
|
||||
computed >= result.computed && (result = {value : value, computed : computed});
|
||||
});
|
||||
return result.value;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Return the minimum element (or element-based computation).
|
||||
_.min = function(obj, iterator, context) {
|
||||
if (!iterator && _.isArray(obj)) return Math.min.apply(Math, obj);
|
||||
var result = {computed : Infinity};
|
||||
each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
|
||||
var computed = iterator ? iterator.call(context, value, index, list) : value;
|
||||
computed < result.computed && (result = {value : value, computed : computed});
|
||||
});
|
||||
return result.value;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Sort the object's values by a criterion produced by an iterator.
|
||||
_.sortBy = function(obj, iterator, context) {
|
||||
return _.pluck(_.map(obj, function(value, index, list) {
|
||||
return {
|
||||
value : value,
|
||||
criteria : iterator.call(context, value, index, list)
|
||||
};
|
||||
}).sort(function(left, right) {
|
||||
var a = left.criteria, b = right.criteria;
|
||||
return a < b ? -1 : a > b ? 1 : 0;
|
||||
}), 'value');
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Groups the object's values by a criterion produced by an iterator
|
||||
_.groupBy = function(obj, iterator) {
|
||||
var result = {};
|
||||
each(obj, function(value, index) {
|
||||
var key = iterator(value, index);
|
||||
(result[key] || (result[key] = [])).push(value);
|
||||
});
|
||||
return result;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Use a comparator function to figure out at what index an object should
|
||||
// be inserted so as to maintain order. Uses binary search.
|
||||
_.sortedIndex = function(array, obj, iterator) {
|
||||
iterator || (iterator = _.identity);
|
||||
var low = 0, high = array.length;
|
||||
while (low < high) {
|
||||
var mid = (low + high) >> 1;
|
||||
iterator(array[mid]) < iterator(obj) ? low = mid + 1 : high = mid;
|
||||
}
|
||||
return low;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Safely convert anything iterable into a real, live array.
|
||||
_.toArray = function(iterable) {
|
||||
if (!iterable) return [];
|
||||
if (iterable.toArray) return iterable.toArray();
|
||||
if (_.isArray(iterable)) return slice.call(iterable);
|
||||
if (_.isArguments(iterable)) return slice.call(iterable);
|
||||
return _.values(iterable);
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Return the number of elements in an object.
|
||||
_.size = function(obj) {
|
||||
return _.toArray(obj).length;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Array Functions
|
||||
// ---------------
|
||||
|
||||
// Get the first element of an array. Passing **n** will return the first N
|
||||
// values in the array. Aliased as `head`. The **guard** check allows it to work
|
||||
// with `_.map`.
|
||||
_.first = _.head = function(array, n, guard) {
|
||||
return (n != null) && !guard ? slice.call(array, 0, n) : array[0];
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Returns everything but the first entry of the array. Aliased as `tail`.
|
||||
// Especially useful on the arguments object. Passing an **index** will return
|
||||
// the rest of the values in the array from that index onward. The **guard**
|
||||
// check allows it to work with `_.map`.
|
||||
_.rest = _.tail = function(array, index, guard) {
|
||||
return slice.call(array, (index == null) || guard ? 1 : index);
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Get the last element of an array.
|
||||
_.last = function(array) {
|
||||
return array[array.length - 1];
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Trim out all falsy values from an array.
|
||||
_.compact = function(array) {
|
||||
return _.filter(array, function(value){ return !!value; });
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Return a completely flattened version of an array.
|
||||
_.flatten = function(array) {
|
||||
return _.reduce(array, function(memo, value) {
|
||||
if (_.isArray(value)) return memo.concat(_.flatten(value));
|
||||
memo[memo.length] = value;
|
||||
return memo;
|
||||
}, []);
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Return a version of the array that does not contain the specified value(s).
|
||||
_.without = function(array) {
|
||||
return _.difference(array, slice.call(arguments, 1));
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Produce a duplicate-free version of the array. If the array has already
|
||||
// been sorted, you have the option of using a faster algorithm.
|
||||
// Aliased as `unique`.
|
||||
_.uniq = _.unique = function(array, isSorted) {
|
||||
return _.reduce(array, function(memo, el, i) {
|
||||
if (0 == i || (isSorted === true ? _.last(memo) != el : !_.include(memo, el))) memo[memo.length] = el;
|
||||
return memo;
|
||||
}, []);
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Produce an array that contains the union: each distinct element from all of
|
||||
// the passed-in arrays.
|
||||
_.union = function() {
|
||||
return _.uniq(_.flatten(arguments));
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Produce an array that contains every item shared between all the
|
||||
// passed-in arrays. (Aliased as "intersect" for back-compat.)
|
||||
_.intersection = _.intersect = function(array) {
|
||||
var rest = slice.call(arguments, 1);
|
||||
return _.filter(_.uniq(array), function(item) {
|
||||
return _.every(rest, function(other) {
|
||||
return _.indexOf(other, item) >= 0;
|
||||
});
|
||||
});
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Take the difference between one array and another.
|
||||
// Only the elements present in just the first array will remain.
|
||||
_.difference = function(array, other) {
|
||||
return _.filter(array, function(value){ return !_.include(other, value); });
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Zip together multiple lists into a single array -- elements that share
|
||||
// an index go together.
|
||||
_.zip = function() {
|
||||
var args = slice.call(arguments);
|
||||
var length = _.max(_.pluck(args, 'length'));
|
||||
var results = new Array(length);
|
||||
for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) results[i] = _.pluck(args, "" + i);
|
||||
return results;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// If the browser doesn't supply us with indexOf (I'm looking at you, **MSIE**),
|
||||
// we need this function. Return the position of the first occurrence of an
|
||||
// item in an array, or -1 if the item is not included in the array.
|
||||
// Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `indexOf` if available.
|
||||
// If the array is large and already in sort order, pass `true`
|
||||
// for **isSorted** to use binary search.
|
||||
_.indexOf = function(array, item, isSorted) {
|
||||
if (array == null) return -1;
|
||||
var i, l;
|
||||
if (isSorted) {
|
||||
i = _.sortedIndex(array, item);
|
||||
return array[i] === item ? i : -1;
|
||||
}
|
||||
if (nativeIndexOf && array.indexOf === nativeIndexOf) return array.indexOf(item);
|
||||
for (i = 0, l = array.length; i < l; i++) if (array[i] === item) return i;
|
||||
return -1;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `lastIndexOf` if available.
|
||||
_.lastIndexOf = function(array, item) {
|
||||
if (array == null) return -1;
|
||||
if (nativeLastIndexOf && array.lastIndexOf === nativeLastIndexOf) return array.lastIndexOf(item);
|
||||
var i = array.length;
|
||||
while (i--) if (array[i] === item) return i;
|
||||
return -1;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Generate an integer Array containing an arithmetic progression. A port of
|
||||
// the native Python `range()` function. See
|
||||
// [the Python documentation](http://docs.python.org/library/functions.html#range).
|
||||
_.range = function(start, stop, step) {
|
||||
if (arguments.length <= 1) {
|
||||
stop = start || 0;
|
||||
start = 0;
|
||||
}
|
||||
step = arguments[2] || 1;
|
||||
|
||||
var len = Math.max(Math.ceil((stop - start) / step), 0);
|
||||
var idx = 0;
|
||||
var range = new Array(len);
|
||||
|
||||
while(idx < len) {
|
||||
range[idx++] = start;
|
||||
start += step;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
return range;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Function (ahem) Functions
|
||||
// ------------------
|
||||
|
||||
// Create a function bound to a given object (assigning `this`, and arguments,
|
||||
// optionally). Binding with arguments is also known as `curry`.
|
||||
// Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `Function.bind` if available.
|
||||
// We check for `func.bind` first, to fail fast when `func` is undefined.
|
||||
_.bind = function(func, obj) {
|
||||
if (func.bind === nativeBind && nativeBind) return nativeBind.apply(func, slice.call(arguments, 1));
|
||||
var args = slice.call(arguments, 2);
|
||||
return function() {
|
||||
return func.apply(obj, args.concat(slice.call(arguments)));
|
||||
};
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Bind all of an object's methods to that object. Useful for ensuring that
|
||||
// all callbacks defined on an object belong to it.
|
||||
_.bindAll = function(obj) {
|
||||
var funcs = slice.call(arguments, 1);
|
||||
if (funcs.length == 0) funcs = _.functions(obj);
|
||||
each(funcs, function(f) { obj[f] = _.bind(obj[f], obj); });
|
||||
return obj;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Memoize an expensive function by storing its results.
|
||||
_.memoize = function(func, hasher) {
|
||||
var memo = {};
|
||||
hasher || (hasher = _.identity);
|
||||
return function() {
|
||||
var key = hasher.apply(this, arguments);
|
||||
return hasOwnProperty.call(memo, key) ? memo[key] : (memo[key] = func.apply(this, arguments));
|
||||
};
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Delays a function for the given number of milliseconds, and then calls
|
||||
// it with the arguments supplied.
|
||||
_.delay = function(func, wait) {
|
||||
var args = slice.call(arguments, 2);
|
||||
return setTimeout(function(){ return func.apply(func, args); }, wait);
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Defers a function, scheduling it to run after the current call stack has
|
||||
// cleared.
|
||||
_.defer = function(func) {
|
||||
return _.delay.apply(_, [func, 1].concat(slice.call(arguments, 1)));
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Internal function used to implement `_.throttle` and `_.debounce`.
|
||||
var limit = function(func, wait, debounce) {
|
||||
var timeout;
|
||||
return function() {
|
||||
var context = this, args = arguments;
|
||||
var throttler = function() {
|
||||
timeout = null;
|
||||
func.apply(context, args);
|
||||
};
|
||||
if (debounce) clearTimeout(timeout);
|
||||
if (debounce || !timeout) timeout = setTimeout(throttler, wait);
|
||||
};
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Returns a function, that, when invoked, will only be triggered at most once
|
||||
// during a given window of time.
|
||||
_.throttle = function(func, wait) {
|
||||
return limit(func, wait, false);
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Returns a function, that, as long as it continues to be invoked, will not
|
||||
// be triggered. The function will be called after it stops being called for
|
||||
// N milliseconds.
|
||||
_.debounce = function(func, wait) {
|
||||
return limit(func, wait, true);
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Returns a function that will be executed at most one time, no matter how
|
||||
// often you call it. Useful for lazy initialization.
|
||||
_.once = function(func) {
|
||||
var ran = false, memo;
|
||||
return function() {
|
||||
if (ran) return memo;
|
||||
ran = true;
|
||||
return memo = func.apply(this, arguments);
|
||||
};
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Returns the first function passed as an argument to the second,
|
||||
// allowing you to adjust arguments, run code before and after, and
|
||||
// conditionally execute the original function.
|
||||
_.wrap = function(func, wrapper) {
|
||||
return function() {
|
||||
var args = [func].concat(slice.call(arguments));
|
||||
return wrapper.apply(this, args);
|
||||
};
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Returns a function that is the composition of a list of functions, each
|
||||
// consuming the return value of the function that follows.
|
||||
_.compose = function() {
|
||||
var funcs = slice.call(arguments);
|
||||
return function() {
|
||||
var args = slice.call(arguments);
|
||||
for (var i = funcs.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
|
||||
args = [funcs[i].apply(this, args)];
|
||||
}
|
||||
return args[0];
|
||||
};
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Returns a function that will only be executed after being called N times.
|
||||
_.after = function(times, func) {
|
||||
return function() {
|
||||
if (--times < 1) { return func.apply(this, arguments); }
|
||||
};
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// Object Functions
|
||||
// ----------------
|
||||
|
||||
// Retrieve the names of an object's properties.
|
||||
// Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `Object.keys`
|
||||
_.keys = nativeKeys || function(obj) {
|
||||
if (obj !== Object(obj)) throw new TypeError('Invalid object');
|
||||
var keys = [];
|
||||
for (var key in obj) if (hasOwnProperty.call(obj, key)) keys[keys.length] = key;
|
||||
return keys;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Retrieve the values of an object's properties.
|
||||
_.values = function(obj) {
|
||||
return _.map(obj, _.identity);
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Return a sorted list of the function names available on the object.
|
||||
// Aliased as `methods`
|
||||
_.functions = _.methods = function(obj) {
|
||||
var names = [];
|
||||
for (var key in obj) {
|
||||
if (_.isFunction(obj[key])) names.push(key);
|
||||
}
|
||||
return names.sort();
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Extend a given object with all the properties in passed-in object(s).
|
||||
_.extend = function(obj) {
|
||||
each(slice.call(arguments, 1), function(source) {
|
||||
for (var prop in source) {
|
||||
if (source[prop] !== void 0) obj[prop] = source[prop];
|
||||
}
|
||||
});
|
||||
return obj;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Fill in a given object with default properties.
|
||||
_.defaults = function(obj) {
|
||||
each(slice.call(arguments, 1), function(source) {
|
||||
for (var prop in source) {
|
||||
if (obj[prop] == null) obj[prop] = source[prop];
|
||||
}
|
||||
});
|
||||
return obj;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Create a (shallow-cloned) duplicate of an object.
|
||||
_.clone = function(obj) {
|
||||
return _.isArray(obj) ? obj.slice() : _.extend({}, obj);
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Invokes interceptor with the obj, and then returns obj.
|
||||
// The primary purpose of this method is to "tap into" a method chain, in
|
||||
// order to perform operations on intermediate results within the chain.
|
||||
_.tap = function(obj, interceptor) {
|
||||
interceptor(obj);
|
||||
return obj;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Perform a deep comparison to check if two objects are equal.
|
||||
_.isEqual = function(a, b) {
|
||||
// Check object identity.
|
||||
if (a === b) return true;
|
||||
// Different types?
|
||||
var atype = typeof(a), btype = typeof(b);
|
||||
if (atype != btype) return false;
|
||||
// Basic equality test (watch out for coercions).
|
||||
if (a == b) return true;
|
||||
// One is falsy and the other truthy.
|
||||
if ((!a && b) || (a && !b)) return false;
|
||||
// Unwrap any wrapped objects.
|
||||
if (a._chain) a = a._wrapped;
|
||||
if (b._chain) b = b._wrapped;
|
||||
// One of them implements an isEqual()?
|
||||
if (a.isEqual) return a.isEqual(b);
|
||||
if (b.isEqual) return b.isEqual(a);
|
||||
// Check dates' integer values.
|
||||
if (_.isDate(a) && _.isDate(b)) return a.getTime() === b.getTime();
|
||||
// Both are NaN?
|
||||
if (_.isNaN(a) && _.isNaN(b)) return false;
|
||||
// Compare regular expressions.
|
||||
if (_.isRegExp(a) && _.isRegExp(b))
|
||||
return a.source === b.source &&
|
||||
a.global === b.global &&
|
||||
a.ignoreCase === b.ignoreCase &&
|
||||
a.multiline === b.multiline;
|
||||
// If a is not an object by this point, we can't handle it.
|
||||
if (atype !== 'object') return false;
|
||||
// Check for different array lengths before comparing contents.
|
||||
if (a.length && (a.length !== b.length)) return false;
|
||||
// Nothing else worked, deep compare the contents.
|
||||
var aKeys = _.keys(a), bKeys = _.keys(b);
|
||||
// Different object sizes?
|
||||
if (aKeys.length != bKeys.length) return false;
|
||||
// Recursive comparison of contents.
|
||||
for (var key in a) if (!(key in b) || !_.isEqual(a[key], b[key])) return false;
|
||||
return true;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Is a given array or object empty?
|
||||
_.isEmpty = function(obj) {
|
||||
if (_.isArray(obj) || _.isString(obj)) return obj.length === 0;
|
||||
for (var key in obj) if (hasOwnProperty.call(obj, key)) return false;
|
||||
return true;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Is a given value a DOM element?
|
||||
_.isElement = function(obj) {
|
||||
return !!(obj && obj.nodeType == 1);
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Is a given value an array?
|
||||
// Delegates to ECMA5's native Array.isArray
|
||||
_.isArray = nativeIsArray || function(obj) {
|
||||
return toString.call(obj) === '[object Array]';
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Is a given variable an object?
|
||||
_.isObject = function(obj) {
|
||||
return obj === Object(obj);
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Is a given variable an arguments object?
|
||||
_.isArguments = function(obj) {
|
||||
return !!(obj && hasOwnProperty.call(obj, 'callee'));
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Is a given value a function?
|
||||
_.isFunction = function(obj) {
|
||||
return !!(obj && obj.constructor && obj.call && obj.apply);
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Is a given value a string?
|
||||
_.isString = function(obj) {
|
||||
return !!(obj === '' || (obj && obj.charCodeAt && obj.substr));
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Is a given value a number?
|
||||
_.isNumber = function(obj) {
|
||||
return !!(obj === 0 || (obj && obj.toExponential && obj.toFixed));
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Is the given value `NaN`? `NaN` happens to be the only value in JavaScript
|
||||
// that does not equal itself.
|
||||
_.isNaN = function(obj) {
|
||||
return obj !== obj;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Is a given value a boolean?
|
||||
_.isBoolean = function(obj) {
|
||||
return obj === true || obj === false;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Is a given value a date?
|
||||
_.isDate = function(obj) {
|
||||
return !!(obj && obj.getTimezoneOffset && obj.setUTCFullYear);
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Is the given value a regular expression?
|
||||
_.isRegExp = function(obj) {
|
||||
return !!(obj && obj.test && obj.exec && (obj.ignoreCase || obj.ignoreCase === false));
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Is a given value equal to null?
|
||||
_.isNull = function(obj) {
|
||||
return obj === null;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Is a given variable undefined?
|
||||
_.isUndefined = function(obj) {
|
||||
return obj === void 0;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Utility Functions
|
||||
// -----------------
|
||||
|
||||
// Run Underscore.js in *noConflict* mode, returning the `_` variable to its
|
||||
// previous owner. Returns a reference to the Underscore object.
|
||||
_.noConflict = function() {
|
||||
root._ = previousUnderscore;
|
||||
return this;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Keep the identity function around for default iterators.
|
||||
_.identity = function(value) {
|
||||
return value;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Run a function **n** times.
|
||||
_.times = function (n, iterator, context) {
|
||||
for (var i = 0; i < n; i++) iterator.call(context, i);
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Add your own custom functions to the Underscore object, ensuring that
|
||||
// they're correctly added to the OOP wrapper as well.
|
||||
_.mixin = function(obj) {
|
||||
each(_.functions(obj), function(name){
|
||||
addToWrapper(name, _[name] = obj[name]);
|
||||
});
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Generate a unique integer id (unique within the entire client session).
|
||||
// Useful for temporary DOM ids.
|
||||
var idCounter = 0;
|
||||
_.uniqueId = function(prefix) {
|
||||
var id = idCounter++;
|
||||
return prefix ? prefix + id : id;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// By default, Underscore uses ERB-style template delimiters, change the
|
||||
// following template settings to use alternative delimiters.
|
||||
_.templateSettings = {
|
||||
evaluate : /<%([\s\S]+?)%>/g,
|
||||
interpolate : /<%=([\s\S]+?)%>/g
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// JavaScript micro-templating, similar to John Resig's implementation.
|
||||
// Underscore templating handles arbitrary delimiters, preserves whitespace,
|
||||
// and correctly escapes quotes within interpolated code.
|
||||
_.template = function(str, data) {
|
||||
var c = _.templateSettings;
|
||||
var tmpl = 'var __p=[],print=function(){__p.push.apply(__p,arguments);};' +
|
||||
'with(obj||{}){__p.push(\'' +
|
||||
str.replace(/\\/g, '\\\\')
|
||||
.replace(/'/g, "\\'")
|
||||
.replace(c.interpolate, function(match, code) {
|
||||
return "'," + code.replace(/\\'/g, "'") + ",'";
|
||||
})
|
||||
.replace(c.evaluate || null, function(match, code) {
|
||||
return "');" + code.replace(/\\'/g, "'")
|
||||
.replace(/[\r\n\t]/g, ' ') + "__p.push('";
|
||||
})
|
||||
.replace(/\r/g, '\\r')
|
||||
.replace(/\n/g, '\\n')
|
||||
.replace(/\t/g, '\\t')
|
||||
+ "');}return __p.join('');";
|
||||
var func = new Function('obj', tmpl);
|
||||
return data ? func(data) : func;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// The OOP Wrapper
|
||||
// ---------------
|
||||
|
||||
// If Underscore is called as a function, it returns a wrapped object that
|
||||
// can be used OO-style. This wrapper holds altered versions of all the
|
||||
// underscore functions. Wrapped objects may be chained.
|
||||
var wrapper = function(obj) { this._wrapped = obj; };
|
||||
|
||||
// Expose `wrapper.prototype` as `_.prototype`
|
||||
_.prototype = wrapper.prototype;
|
||||
|
||||
// Helper function to continue chaining intermediate results.
|
||||
var result = function(obj, chain) {
|
||||
return chain ? _(obj).chain() : obj;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// A method to easily add functions to the OOP wrapper.
|
||||
var addToWrapper = function(name, func) {
|
||||
wrapper.prototype[name] = function() {
|
||||
var args = slice.call(arguments);
|
||||
unshift.call(args, this._wrapped);
|
||||
return result(func.apply(_, args), this._chain);
|
||||
};
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Add all of the Underscore functions to the wrapper object.
|
||||
_.mixin(_);
|
||||
|
||||
// Add all mutator Array functions to the wrapper.
|
||||
each(['pop', 'push', 'reverse', 'shift', 'sort', 'splice', 'unshift'], function(name) {
|
||||
var method = ArrayProto[name];
|
||||
wrapper.prototype[name] = function() {
|
||||
method.apply(this._wrapped, arguments);
|
||||
return result(this._wrapped, this._chain);
|
||||
};
|
||||
});
|
||||
|
||||
// Add all accessor Array functions to the wrapper.
|
||||
each(['concat', 'join', 'slice'], function(name) {
|
||||
var method = ArrayProto[name];
|
||||
wrapper.prototype[name] = function() {
|
||||
return result(method.apply(this._wrapped, arguments), this._chain);
|
||||
};
|
||||
});
|
||||
|
||||
// Start chaining a wrapped Underscore object.
|
||||
wrapper.prototype.chain = function() {
|
||||
this._chain = true;
|
||||
return this;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
// Extracts the result from a wrapped and chained object.
|
||||
wrapper.prototype.value = function() {
|
||||
return this._wrapped;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
})();
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue